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First of all, chemical defensive weapons are not meant to "knock down" an attacker. For law enforcement, they allow for control of the subject. For civilians, they create a window of opportunity to get away from an attacker and flee to safety. 

For decades, law enforcement agencies have used CN and CS tear gas for riot control and as a method of controlling unruly suspects. CN is available to civilians.

CN

CN (alpha-Chloracetophenone; manufactured under such trade names as Mace, Curb, and Phaser) is an irritant and tearing agent. CN was discovered by a German chemist in 1869.

In minute quantities, CN has an apple blossom odor. In larger quantities, CN causes a heavy flow of tears and mucous, nausea, and burning and itching of moist exposed skin.

CN takes from 3 to 10 seconds to take effect and is the weakest of the spray chemicals. It works on both mucous membranes and the skin, producing a sharp burning sensation that lasts from 30 minutes to an hour. If the assailant is numb to pain, due to drugs, alcohol, adrenaline, or a psychotic episode, he or she may not feel the pain. Because of these limitations, CN will not repel an attack and allow the defender to escape. CN may be highly toxic to some individuals and may take as long as 3 to 4 days to dissipate from an area (car interior, indoors, etc).

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